Brattle Associate Dr. Pedro Gonzaga has coauthored a Concurrences Antitrust Case Laws e-Bulletin article on “Vertical Restrictions in the Online Commerce: An overview of EU and national case law.”

Vertical restrictions, also known as vertical restraints, are agreements ­that impose certain limitations on how one or more parties can resell a product. Their primary purpose is to solve coordination problems between separate entities at different stages of the supply chain. The article discusses the growing number of EU investigations into new forms of vertical restrictions taking place in online commerce markets, and explores the need to identify the best enforcement practices for online business models.

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